For some time now Mozilla, most famous for the Firefox browsers, have been working on a new smart phone operating system, with a twist; it runs from the browser.
Boot2Gecko is based on a Linux core otherwise known as Gonk. It runs from your browser from which it adds functionality for all the other services and apps that it would provide. Everything would be powered from its Gecko browser based on HTML5 and JavaScript. Theoretically it will also be able to function on computers. It looks pretty promising and Mozilla will likely showcase it at MWC later this month with a stated release somewhere in Q2 2012.